1. Separation process

It can be directly made into flat parts or prepare blanks for other stamping processes such as bending, deep drawing and forming. It can also be used for cutting and trimming on the formed stamping parts. Blanking is widely used in automobile, household appliances, electronics, instrumentation, machinery, railway, communications, chemical industry, light industry, textile and aerospace and other industrial sectors. Blanking process accounts for about 50% ~ 60% of the whole stamping process.

1. Forming process

• Bending: Plastic forming method of bending sheet metal, pipe fittings and profiles to a certain Angle, curvature and shape. Bending is one of the main processes widely used in the production of stamping parts. The bending of metal materials is essentially an elastic-plastic deformation process. After unloading, the workpiece will produce the elastic recovery deformation in the direction, which is called springback. Springback affects the precision of workpiece, which is the key technology to be considered in bending process.
• Deep drawing: Deep drawing, also known as drawing or calendering, is the use of die to make the blanking of flat blank into open hollow parts of the stamping process. Thin-walled parts with cylindrical, stepped, conical, spherical, box and other irregular shapes can be made by deep drawing process. If combined with other stamping processes, it can also produce very complex shapes of parts. There are many kinds of deep drawing parts in stamping production. Due to the different characteristics of its geometric shape, the position of deformation zone, the property of deformation, the distribution of deformation and the stress state and distribution law of each part of the billet have considerable, even essential differences. So the process parameters, process number and sequence of the determination of the method and die design principles and methods are not the same. According to the characteristics of deformation mechanics, all kinds of deep drawing parts can be divided into four types: straight wall rotary body (cylindrical parts), straight wall non-rotary body (box body), curved surface rotary body (curved shape parts) and curved surface non-rotary body.
• The tensile form is to exert tension on the sheet metal through the tensile die, so that the sheet metal produces uneven tensile stress and tensile strain, and then the sheet metal and the bonding surface of the tensile die gradually expands until it is completely bonded with the tensile model surface. The application object of pull is mainly the double curved skin with certain plastic material, large surface area, moderate and smooth curvature change, and high quality requirements (accurate shape, smooth flow line, stable quality). Pull-shape because the process equipment and equipment used is relatively simple, so the cost is low, flexibility is large; But the material utilization rate and productivity are low.
• Spinning is a metal rotating process. In the process of machining, the blank rotates actively with the spinning die or the spinning head rotates actively around the blank and the spinning die, and the spinning head feeds relative to the core die and the blank, making the blank produce continuous local deformation and obtain the required hollow rotary parts.
• Shaping is the secondary trimming of the shape of the product by using the established shape of the abrasive tool. Mainly reflected in the pressure plane, spring foot and so on. For part of the material is elastic, can not guarantee the quality of a molding, the use of reprocessing.
• Bulging is a processing method to obtain parts by using die to make sheet metal stretch thin and local surface area increase. Commonly used undulating forming, cylindrical (or tubular) blank expansion and flat blank stretching forming. Bulging can be achieved by different methods, such as rigid die bulging, rubber bulging and hydraulic bulging.
• Flanging is a plastic processing method that bends the thin sheet billet edge or the material in the narrow band area of the prefabricated hole edge on the billet into a vertical edge along a curve or a straight line. Flanging is mainly used to strengthen the edge of parts, remove the cut edge, and make the parts into the assembly and connection parts with other parts or three-dimensional parts with complex specific shape and reasonable space, and improve the stiffness of parts. In large sheet metal forming, it can also be used as a means to control rupture or wrinkle. Therefore, it is widely used in automobile, aviation, aerospace, electronics and household appliances and other industrial sectors.
• Shrinkage is a stamping method to reduce the diameter of the open end of the stretched hollow part or tube blank without flange. The diameter change of the workpiece end before and after the shrinkage should not be too large, otherwise the end material will wrinkle due to severe compression deformation. Therefore, from a large diameter to a small diameter of the neck, often need to shrink several times.